Which anatomical landmark is primarily associated with the articulation of the humeral head?

The glenoid cavity is the anatomical structure primarily associated with the articulation of the humeral head. This shallow, bowl-shaped socket is part of the scapula and serves as the socket for the ball-and-socket joint of the shoulder. The humeral head fits into the glenoid cavity, allowing for a wide range of motion in the shoulder, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation.

In total shoulder arthroplasty, the proper alignment and fit of the prosthetic humeral head into the glenoid cavity are crucial for restoring function and stability to the shoulder joint. Understanding this relationship is essential for effective surgical techniques and post-operative recovery.

The other landmarks, while important in shoulder anatomy, do not play a direct role in the articulation of the humeral head. The coracoid process, scapular spine, and acromial process contribute to muscle attachments and overall shoulder structure but are not the primary articulating surface for the humeral head.